What is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease?

Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease, characterized by a combination of four defects: ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and an overriding aorta. This condition leads to reduced blood flow to the lungs and mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, resulting in cyanosis, which is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to low oxygen levels in the blood.

Cyanotic congenital heart diseases like Tetralogy of Fallot often present with significant symptoms during infancy or early childhood, making them more noticeable compared to other cyanotic conditions. The prevalence and distinct presentation of Tetralogy of Fallot among cyanotic congenital heart diseases establish it as the most common type, allowing healthcare providers to identify and treat affected patients more effectively.

In contrast, conditions like transposition of the great arteries, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, and tricuspid atresia, while they also result in cyanosis, are less common. Each of these conditions has its own specific characteristics and presentations, but they do not occur as frequently as Tetralogy of Fallot. This understanding of prevalence and clinical presentation is crucial for recognizing and managing congenital heart defects in pediatric