When a client is on heparin therapy, which medication must be readily available?

When a client is undergoing heparin therapy, protamine sulfate must be readily available because it serves as the specific antidote to heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant that increases the risk of bleeding, and in cases of heparin overdose or when rapid reversal of its effects is necessary (such as in an emergency situation or prior to surgical procedures), protamine sulfate can promptly neutralize heparin’s anticoagulant effects.

This is critical in ensuring patient safety, as heparin therapy can pose significant risks if bleeding occurs. Protamine sulfate works by binding to heparin, forming a stable complex that renders heparin inactive, effectively reversing its effects.

In contrast, while vitamin K is an antidote for warfarin, it does not work against heparin. Methylergonovine is used for obstetric procedures, and ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement. Neither of these has a role in reversing the effects of heparin. Therefore, the immediate availability of protamine sulfate is crucial in managing potential complications arising from heparin therapy.